Reading: This is an article from Masir Eqtesad which discusses the recent price hikes by two major Iranian automakers. It explores the potential impacts of these increases, including rising inflationary expectations, the argument for gradual price adjustments over sudden shocks, and the effects on both the stock market and consumer demand. The students are going to read passages from the text and translate them with the help of the instructor.
Listening: A video discussion between two experts, Farshad Fatemi and Amirhossein Kakaii, on the state of Iran’s car industry, covering topics such as car imports, domestic manufacturing, and the key challenges facing the sector. The video is published on the YouTube channel Azad, an educational and research initiative affiliated with Sharif University.
Subject of Conversation: Do Iranians like their cars? (آیا ایرانیان ماشین‌های خود را دوست دارند؟)
The real topic of this conversation is going to be the social aspects of owning a car among the Iranians and its influence over their personal and social life. The conversation will be conducted in Persian and thus will help students to internalize the vocabulary learned during the class.
Homework:
- Please carefully read the full text of today’s article, study the vocabulary and translate the sections assigned by the instructor.
- Watch the expert discussion video in full, and choose two ideas from each speaker that you found particularly interesting. Describe each idea in Persian and be sure to include the timecodes where they appear in the video.
- Prepare for the next day’s discussion.
Vocabulary (Reading):
| Persian Word | Transcription | English Translation |
| التهاب | eltehāb | disturbance, unrest |
| متوسط قیمت | motavasset-e qeymat | average price |
| شوکه کردن | šoke kardan | to shock |
| کارشناس | kāršenās | expert, specialist |
| توجیه | toujih | explanation, justification |
| پیامد | peyāmad | consequence, outcome |
| تدریجی | tadriji | gradual |
| مستلزم | mostalzēm | requiring, necessitating |
| به نحوی | be nahvi | in a way, somehow |
| تعهدات (مفرد: تعهد) | ta‘ahhodāt (sing. ta‘ahhod) | commitments |
| عرضه | ‘arze | supply |
| خودروساز | xodrousāz | car manufacturer |
| اطلاعیه | ettelā‘iyye | announcement |
| اتخاذ شدن | ettexāz šodan | to be adopted |
| تنوع | tanavvo‘ | diversity, variety |
| منتقد | montaqed | critic |
| بهره‌وری | bahrevari | productivity |
| زیان انباشته | ziyān-e anbāšte | accumulated loss |
| موقعیت | mouqe‘iyyat | position, situation |
| انحصاری | enhesāri | monopolistic |
| صورت گرفتن | surat gereftan | to take place, to occur |
| ملایم | molāyem | mild |
| انتظار رفتن | entezār raftan | to be expected |
| نظارتی | nezārati | supervisory |
| تدابیر (مفرد: تدبیر) | tadābir (sing. tadbir) | measures |
| بی‌رویه | biraviyye | unsteady, unstructured, irregular |
| جلوگیری کردن | jelougiri kardan | to prevent |
| مصرف‌کننده | masrafkonande | consumer |
| قیمت کارخانه‌ای | qeymat-e kārxāne’i | factory price |
| سایر | sāyer-e | other |
| تسری پیدا کردن | tasarri peydā kardan | to extend, to spread |
| حائز اهمیت | hā’ez-e ahammiyyat | significant, important |
| نهاده | nahāde | input (in production) |
| فواصل (مفرد: فاصله) | favāsel (sing. fāsele) | intervals, distances |
| کوتاه‌مدت | kutāhmoddat | short-term |
| فایده | fāyede | benefit, profit, use |
Vocabulary (Listening):
| Persian Word | Transcription | English Translation |
| منافع (مفرد: منفعت) | manāfe‘ (sing. manfa‘at) | interests |
| توربین‌ساز | turbinsāz | turbine manufacturer |
| مراحل (مفرد: مرحله) | marāhel (sing. marhale) | stages |
| سرمایه‌گذاری کردن | sarmāyegozāri kardan | to invest |
| لرزیدن | larzidan | to shake, to tremble |
| گلوگاه | galugāh | bottleneck |
| تکلیف | taklif | task, assignment, duty |
| دیل اقتصادی | dil-e eqtesādi | economic deal |
| سپردن | sepordan | to entrust, to give in charge |
| قاعدتاً | qā‘edatan | normally, typically, supposedly |
| رعایت کردن | ra‘āyat kardan | to observe, to comply |
| کارآفرین | kārāfarin | entrepreneur |
| ضمناً | zemnan | by the way, in addition, also |
| نسبتاً | nesbatan | relatively |
| رفاهی | refāhi | related to welfare |
| منجر شدن | monjar šodan | to lead to, to result in |
| نارضایتی | nārezāyati | dissatisfaction |
| جامعه (جمع: جوامع) | jāme‘e (plur. javāme‘) | society |
| از این بابت | az in bābat | in this regard |
| اصطلاحاً | estelāhan | so to speak, technically |
| جلوی چشم قرار گرفتن | jelou-ye čašm qarār gereftan | to be visible, to come into view |
| اصلاح | eslāh | reform, correction |
| تخصص | taxassos | expertise, specialization |
| از جهت | az jahat-e | from the perspective of, in terms of |
| کیفیت | keyfiyyat | quality |
| فراهم کردن | farāham kardan | to provide, to make available, to bring about |
| خصوصیت | xosusiyyat | characteristic, feature |
| تقاضا | taqāzā | demand |
| تناسب | tanāsob | proportion, balance |
| کافی بودن | kāfi budan | to be sufficient |
| مقیاس | meqyās | scale, measurement |
| لزوماً | lozūman | necessarily |
| همگن | hamgen | homogeneous |
| بازار رقابتی | bāzār-e reqābati | competitive market |